Terapia con oxígeno (2024)

Otros nombres: Oxigenoterapia

Introducción

¿Qué es el oxígeno?

El oxígeno es un gas que su cuerpo necesita para funcionar bien. Sus células necesitan oxígeno para producir energía. Sus pulmones absorben el oxígeno del aire que respira. Luego ingresa a la sangre desde los pulmones y viaja a sus órganos y tejidos del cuerpo.

Ciertas afecciones médicas pueden reducir sus niveles de oxígeno en la sangre. Un bajo nivel de oxígeno en la sangre puede hacer que se sienta sin aliento, cansado y confundido. También puede dañar su cuerpo. La terapia con oxígeno puede ayudarle a obtener más oxígeno.

¿Qué es la oxigenoterapia?

La terapia con oxígeno es un tratamiento que le entrega oxígeno adicional para respirar. También se le llama oxígeno suplementario. Solo su profesional de la salud puede indicarle recibirla. Puede obtenerla en el hospital, otro entorno médico o en el hogar. Algunas personas solo la necesitan por un corto período de tiempo. Otros necesitan oxigenoterapia a largo plazo.

Existen diferentes tipos de dispositivos que pueden proporcionarle oxígeno. Algunos usan tanques de oxígeno líquido o gaseoso. Otros usan un concentrador de oxígeno, el que extrae oxígeno del aire. Lo puede obtener a través de un tubo nasal (cánula), una máscara o una cámara de oxígeno. El oxígeno adicional es inspirado junto al aire normal.

Existen dispositivos portátiles de tanques y concentradores de oxígeno. Pueden hacer que sea más fácil moverse mientras se aplica la terapia.

¿Quién necesita oxigenoterapia?

Usted puede necesitar terapia con oxígeno si tiene una afección que causa niveles bajos de oxígeno en la sangre, como:

¿Cuáles son los riesgos de usar oxigenoterapia?

En general, la oxigenoterapia es segura, pero puede causar efectos secundarios, como nariz seca o con sangre, cansancio y dolores de cabeza durante las mañanas.

El oxígeno presenta un riesgo de incendio, por lo que nunca debe fumar ni usar materiales inflamables cuando lo use. Si utiliza tanques de oxígeno, asegúrese de que su tanque está firme y se mantenga en posición vertical. Si se cae y se rompe, o la parte superior se quiebra, el tanque puede salir volando como un misil.

¿Qué es la oxigenoterapia hiperbárica?

La oxigenoterapia hiperbárica es un tipo diferente de terapia con oxígeno. Consiste en respirar oxígeno en una cámara o tubo presurizado, permitiendo que sus pulmones acumulen hasta tres veces más oxígeno del que obtendría al respirar a una presión de aire normal. El oxígeno adicional se mueve a través de su sangre hacia sus órganos y tejidos corporales. La oxigenoterapia hiperbárica se usa para tratar ciertas heridas graves, quemaduras, lesiones e infecciones. También trata las embolias de aire o gas (burbujas de aire en el torrente sanguíneo), la enfermedad de descompresión que sufren los buzos y el envenenamiento con monóxido de carbono.

Algunos centros de tratamiento afirman que la oxigenoterapia hiperbárica puede tratar casi cualquier afección, incluyendo la enfermedad de Alzheimer, el autismo, el cáncer y la enfermedad de Lyme. La Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos (FDA) no ha aprobado o admitido el uso de esta terapia para estas afecciones. El uso de oxigenoterapia hiperbárica tiene riesgos, por ello, consulte siempre con su profesional de la salud antes de probarla.

NIH: Instituto Nacional del Corazón, los Pulmones y la Sangre

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Terapia con oxígeno (2024)

FAQs

What are the symptoms of too much oxygen from concentrator? ›

Pulmonary effects can present as early as within 24 hours of breathing pure oxygen. Symptoms include pleuritic chest pain, substernal heaviness, coughing, and dyspnea secondary to tracheobronchitis and absorptive atelectasis, which can lead to pulmonary edema.

How much oxygen to give a patient with pneumonia? ›

Patients with asthma, left ventricular failure, pneumonia, pneumothorax, trauma, etc, should be treated appropriately for their condition using 40%–60% oxygen via a medium concentration mask (4–10 l/min) for milder cases or a reservoir mask for hypoxic patients and for all major trauma cases.

Does oxygen therapy work? ›

Oxygen therapy can be a lifesaving medical treatment when lung problems prevent you from taking in enough oxygen when you breathe. You may need supplemental oxygen all day, every day or just some of the time.

What are the benefits of taking oxygen pills? ›

Reducing breathlessness. Increasing your ability to maintain an active lifestyle. Helping to reduce stress on other organs.

How many hours is too many for an oxygen concentrator? ›

Oxygen concentrators are made in such a way that they can run for 24 hours. But at times, they face the problem of heating up and stopping abruptly. Therefore, after continuous usage of 7-8 hours, the concentrator should be given a rest of 20-30 minutes.

What happens if you give too much oxygen to a COPD patient? ›

Giving high concentrations of oxygen to hypoxaemic patients with hypercapnia can result in individuals losing their hypoxic drive to breathe, with development of CO2 retention, respiratory acidosis, and even death.

Why are doctors against hyperbaric oxygen therapy? ›

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is not safe for everyone. In general, you shouldn't receive HBOT if you: Have certain types of lung diseases, because of an increased risk for a collapsed lung.

Does oxygen therapy improve lung capacity? ›

Supplemental oxygen does not cure lung disease, but it is an important therapy that improves symptoms and organ function. There are many benefits that can help you feel your best, including feeling less short of breath, less tired, sleeping better and having the ability to be more active.

What is life expectancy for someone on oxygen 24/7? ›

The median survival time was 1.9 years (IQR, 0.7 to 4.0 years). Main causes of death included respiratory disease (68%), cardiovascular disease (20%) and cancer (6%). In the cohort, 539 (24%) patients were prescribed LTOT 24 h/day, 1,231 (55%) were prescribed 15 h/day and 470 (21%) had other daily durations prescribed.

What are the disadvantages of oxygen concentrators? ›

But there are a few drawbacks to oxygen concentrators. The main one is the need for a constant power supply. You'll need to have a battery backup or a power generator in case of an outage. Older models may be louder than an oxygen tank.

What happens if you use oxygen and don't need it? ›

Giving yourself oxygen without talking to a doctor first may do more harm than good. You may end up taking too much or too little oxygen. Deciding to use an oxygen concentrator without a prescription can lead to serious health problems, such as oxygen toxicity caused by receiving too much oxygen.

Why am I short of breath but my oxygen saturation is good? ›

This is a commonly asked question. Shortness of breath and low oxygen levels don't always go together. Sometimes shortness of breath is caused by problems with breathing mechanics - not oxygen exchange. If you were hanging Christmas lights, chances are you were raising your arms up higher than they normally are.

What are the side effects of using an oxygen concentrator? ›

And if you have a stationary oxygen concentrator, you'll need to change the filters weekly and have it serviced regularly. As with oxygen tanks, oxygen concentrators can also cause side effects including a dry or bloody nose, morning headaches, and fatigue.

What is a safe level for oxygen concentrator? ›

Ideally you'll want to see numbers between 95 and 100%. If your levels are below 90 you have a very low oxygen saturation and it's going to help a lot when you use the concentrator.

Can you set your oxygen concentrator too high? ›

Breathing in higher oxygen concentrations can cause oxygen toxicity. Oxygen toxicity can affect all the body's organs but most often causes damage to the lungs, eyes, and brain. Most people recover from oxygen toxicity. But it's still a good idea to avoid high oxygen concentrations when possible.

How long does it take to get oxygen toxicity? ›

Pulmonary Toxicity

Pulmonary toxic effect of oxygen can arise after prolonged exposure to oxygen > 0.5 ATA. Symptoms appear after a latent period whose duration decreases with increase in PO2. In normal humans the first signs of toxicity appear after about 10 hours of oxygen at 1ATA.

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